Your chipset and GPU are likely too old to support DirectX 12 which Workstation 17 now uses to provide 3D acceleration. You also don't say which operating system you're using.
The first thing I'd do is to make sure you have the latest Intel HD Graphics drivers.
You may want to try disabling DX12 rendering and trying either DX11 or OpenGL rendering for the VM to see if that works for you. Modify the .vmx file with something like the following (this example uses the openGL renderer, change the enableGLrenderer to FALSE and enableDX11Renderer to "TRUE" to try DX11):
mks.enableDX11Renderer = FALSE
mks.enableDX12Renderer = FALSE
mks.enableGLRenderer = TRUE