IIRC the "tags" are more tight to the PSC (but not 100% sure) which makes it more worth compared to the vCenter DB.
We set/overide the custom attributes with Powershell. So with some work you can read all infos and store them localy in *.csv or some kind of serialized array, minimalistic DB or similar. But out of the box there is nothing and in all the years i have never see backup product which save these informations.
Regards,
Joerg