The reason why things work on your PC is that it's most likely connected to an Internet router, which is the only system with direct Internet access, and which which takes care of providing "internal "IP addresses, and Internet access for the internal systems.
With just one single IP address, you can run one single system with Internet access. You'd need at least another IP address for your VM. In case you want to deploy more than one VM with Internet access, you either need additional IP addresses for them, or deploy/use e.g. a virtual router/firewall.
André