Without a connection scheme (including physical equipment) and a detailed description, it is difficult to specifically answer something.
It seems to me that your whole architecture is not right.
For example, you still have not answered why you have a WAN VLAN ID 1. You yourself specified ID "1"?
P.S.
"But if we forget about the second IP for the moment, even with just one IP allocated to the ESXI management itself, how would I achieve my goal of having even a single machine connected to internet?"- No. Through the management network, or rather through the IP dedicated to the ESXi, you do not connect the VM.
Virtual machine port group and VMkernel port can be in the same subnet. But at the same time, another IP address is needed for the VM.
My advice is based only on guesswork.
You can get one more IP 83.159.147.XXX/26 for VMkernel. And write VLAN ID 0 for WAN. But I'm not sure that without setting up a physical port it will all work.