I know this thread is a little old, but I figure I would answer this question in case someone else has the same question.
You want to add these lines after the initial config commands in your kickstart file to enable the esxi shell after installation:
vmaccepteula
rootpw 'ComplexP@ssword'
install --firstdisk --overwritevmfs
network --bootproto=static --hostname=testme.test.priv --device=vmnic0 --ip=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx --netmask=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx --gateway=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx --nameserver="xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx,xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx" --vlanid=xxx
%firstboot --interpreter=busybox
vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_esx_shell
vim-cmd hostsvc/start_esx_shell
After those lines, you can have esxcli commands execute from your kickstart file.