Could you try to use installer https://softwareupdate.vmware.com/cds/vmw-desktop/ws/17.5.1/23298084/windows/core/VMware-workstation-17.5.1-23298084.exe.tar to repair 17.5.1, then update, or uninstall it then install new version?
By the way I don't know if it will work that you install lastest version (to date (20250322) is 17.6.3) https://softwareupdate.vmware.com/cds/vmw-desktop/ws/17.6.3/24583834/windows/core/VMware-workstation-17.6.3-24583834.exe.tar