Under normal circumstances without VMware Tools installed one must click into the Virtual Machine Display for it (the Virtual Machine) to grab keyboard and mouse input and with VMware Tools installed all one needs to do is mouse over the Virtual Machine Display and it automatically grabs input. So without VMware Tools installed on must press a given key combination (Ctrl+Command) for the Virtual Machine Display to release (ungrab) the keyboard and mouse from the Virtual Machine.
On my system with "Always optimize mouse for games" selected I have to manually ungrab the mouse and keyboard from the Virtual Machine to have control outside of the Virtual Machine (or back on the Mac side). With the default (Auto-detect mouse for games) selected input is automatically grabbed/ungrabbed as the mouse is moved to the edge of the Virtual Machine Display.
If the behavior I've described is not working on your system I not sure why as what I've described is the default behavior not something that is just supposed to act that any on my system however the follow parameter added to the preferences file may or not help however I guess it's worth a try.
pref.motionUngrab = "FALSE"
With the Virtual Machine shutdown from within the Guest OS, not suspended, and VMware Fusion closed add the above parameter to the "/Users/${USER}/Library/Preferences/VMware Fusion/preferences" file. JSYK This parameter is used in VMware Workstation and may have no affect in VMware Fusion and I'm only suggesting this as I have no other suggestions then to uninstall VMware Tools.