First of all: Is NTP installed at the Unmanaged Detector?
"Find Unmanaged Computers" and Unmanaged Detectors are different beasts. See here:
Best Practices: When to use the "Find Unmanaged Computers" or "Unmanaged Detector" features in Symantec Endpoint Protection 11.0
http://www.symantec.com/docs/TECH104340
The 34 computers you found are probably from the "Find Unmanaged Computers" search, not from the UD.
If the Unmanaged Detector does not seem to find devices, it's probably because it takes some time to collect ARP traffic and send the IP and MAC addresses to the SEPM (check your heartbeat interval). And of course you cannot be sure that every single non-managed device is running or sending ARP broadcasts.
If you activate a notification, you'll get a mail with a list of all clients found by UDs. If your newest UD does not yet discover an unmanaged computer, it won't be shown in the E-mail.
And when I search the Computer listed under "Unmanaged Detector", SEPM doesn't show it as an Unmanaged Detector.
Strange ... please double-check this. Normally, if you turn off a UD, the non-managed clients assigned to it will be deleted in the database.
Are the list you got by E-mail and the last list totally different or is there some overlapping?
What is going on? At this point, I want to search for computers in a Subnet that (a) either don't have SEP 11 installed or (b) have UNMANAGED SEP 11.
If you want an instant report of unmanaged clients, use the "Find unmanaged Computers" feature. If you want to be alerted when an unmanaged device emerges, use UDs in combination with notifications.