For TeamViewer 12 the setup program is a wrapper for a Windows Installer (.msi) package so if you look in the registry under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall you should be able to find a Product Code GUID you can use in a detection rule.
Otherwise use the executable file, so create a file detection rule looking for %programfiles%\team viwer\teamviewer.exe with the correct version number.
Don't use a rule with just a "greater" than rule on it's own. Detection rules are used for inventory so if you say teamviewer.exe > 12.0, when 13.0 is released all the PCs with 13.0 will report they have 12.0 too.
Your rule won't work because Symantec should install TeamViewer using the Local System account context and all the program entries will be in HKLM, not HKCU. Similarly the detection rule will run in this context too.