I don't know if the problem you face is the same, but there is an "Known Issue" in the VMware Tools release notes.
https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Tools/11.1/rn/VMware-Tools-1115-Release-Notes.html
Check to see if the solution is also applicable.
Text from the release notes
- Shared Folders mount is unavailable on Linux VM.
If the Shared Folders feature is enabled on a Linux VM while it is powered off, shared folders mount is not available on restart.
Note: This issue is applicable for VMware Tools running on Workstation and Fusion.
Workaround: If the VM is powered on, disable and enable the Shared Folders feature from the interface.
For resolving the issue permanently, edit /etc/fstab and add an entry to mount the Shared Folders automatically on boot.
For example, add the line:
vmhgfs-fuse /mnt/hgfs fuse defaults,allow_other 0 0