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Installing Istio in New Kubernetes Clusters Created by PKS with NSX-T Using Helm 

Feb 14, 2019 04:15 PM

View the README for all information on how to insrtall Istio on PKS

Installing Istio in New Kubernetes Clusters Created by PKS with NSX-T Using Helm

This topic describes how to install Istio in a new Kubernetes cluster created by Pivotal Container Service (PKS) with NSX-T using Helm.

Helm is the package manager for Kubernetes that runs on a local machine with kubectl access to the Kubernetes cluster. For more information, see Using Helm with PKS.

The installation process for Istio involves creating a Helm template from the downloaded Istio files. For more information, see Installation with Helm in the Istio documentation.

These instructions are intended for using Istio for the service mesh layer for new Kubernetes clusters, not for retrofitting clusters with pods that currently exist.

Note: Using Tiller with Helm Install is not recommended at this time.

Prerequisites

Before performing the procedures in this topic, you must have installed and configured the following:

  • PKS v1.2+
  • NSX-T v2.3+
  • A PKS plan with at least 1 master and 2 worker nodes

Install Istio

Perform the procedures in the sections below to install Istio on a new Kubernetes cluster created by PKS with NSX-T using Helm.

Step 1: Create a New PKS Cluster

Perform the following steps to create a new PKS cluster that uses a medium load balancer:

  1. Ensure that you have defined a network profile that implements a medium load balancer so that there are enough virtual servers and ports. For more information, see Using Network Profiles (NSX-T Only).

  2. Log in to the PKS CLI.

  3. Run the following command to create a cluster:

    pks create-cluster CLUSTER-NAME \
    --external-hostname HOSTNAME \
    --plan PLAN-NAME \
    --num-nodes 3 \
    --network-profile NETWORK-PROFILE-NAME
    

    Where:

    • CLUSTER-NAME is a unique name for your new cluster.
    • HOSTNAME is your external hostname used for accessing the Kubernetes API.
    • PLAN-NAME is the name of your PKS plan with at least 1 master and 2 worker nodes.
    • NETWORK-PROFILE-NAME is the name of the network profile you created that implements a medium load balancer.

    For example:

    $ pks create-cluster k8s-with-istio \
    --external-hostname k8s-with-istio \
    --plan large \
    --num-nodes 3 \
    --network-profile network-profile-medium
    

    For more information about creating clusters, see Creating Clusters.

  4. Run the following command to populate your local kubeconfig with cluster credentials and configuration so that you can use kubectl:

    pks get-credentials CLUSTER-NAME
    

    Where CLUSTER-NAME is the name of your new cluster. For example:

    $ pks-cluster-med-lb-istio
    

Step 2: Download Istio and Helm

Perform the following steps to download Istio and Helm onto the machine with kubectl access to the Kubernetes cluster:

  1. Run the following command to download Istio:

    curl -L https://git.io/getLatestIstio | sh -
    
  2. Change into the directory of the downloaded Istio package.

  3. Run the following command to put the istioctl command line tool in your PATH:

    export PATH=$PWD/bin:$PATH
    
  4. Run the following command to download Helm:

    curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/helm/master/scripts/get | bash
    

Step 3: Install Kubernetes CRDs

Run the following command to install Istio’s Custom Resource Definitions (CRDs): 

kubectl apply -f install/kubernetes/helm/istio/templates/crds.yaml

Wait a few seconds for the CRDs to be committed in the kube-apiserver.

Step 4: Create and Install Helm Template

Run the following command to render Istio’s core components to a Kubernetes manifest called istio.yaml:

helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system > $HOME/istio.yaml

Step 5: Install Istio Using the Helm Manifest

Perform the following commands to create a namespace and install Istio via the Helm manifest:

kubectl create namespace istio-system
kubectl apply -f $HOME/istio.yaml

Verify Istio Installation

Perform the procedures in the following sections to verify the installation of Istio on PKS with NSX-T.

Step 1: Ensure Services Are Deployed

Perform the following steps to ensure the correct services are deployed:

  1. Run the following command to display the Kubernetes services in the Istio namespace:

    kubectl get svc -n istio-system
    
  2. Ensure the following Kubernetes services are deployed:

    • istio-pilot
    • istio-ingressgateway
    • istio-policy
    • istio-telemetry
    • prometheus
    • istio-galley
    • istio-sidecar-injector (optional)

Step 2: Ensure Pods Are Running

Perform the following steps to ensure the correct pods are running:

  1. Run the following command to display the pods in the Istio namespace:

    kubectl get pods -n istio-system
    
  2. Ensure the Kubernetes pods corresponding to the services are deployed and that all containers are up and running:

    • istio-pilot-*
    • istio-ingressgateway-*
    • istio-egressgateway-*
    • istio-policy-*
    • istio-telemetry-*
    • istio-citadel-*
    • prometheus-*
    • istio-galley-*
    • istio-sidecar-injector-* (optional)

Deploy Test Application

After installing Istio and verifying the installation, you can deploy a test application.

The Bookinfo application is a standard testing application to verify a successful deployment.

Step 1: Deploy the Bookinfo Application

Perform the following steps to deploy the Bookinfo application:

  1. The installation already has automatic sidecar injection enabled on the cluster. Our application is going to be using the default namespace. This requires the label istio-injection=enabled be applied to the default namespace. Run the following command:

    kubectl label namespace default istio-injection=enabled
    
  2. Deploy the services. Run the following command:

    kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo.yaml
    
  3. Confirm all services and pods are correctly defined and running. Run the following commands to display the services and the pods:

    kubectl get services
    
    NAME                       CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)              AGE
    details                    10.0.0.31    <none>        9080/TCP             6m
    kubernetes                 10.0.0.1     <none>        443/TCP              7d
    productpage                10.0.0.120   <none>        9080/TCP             6m
    ratings                    10.0.0.15    <none>        9080/TCP             6m
    reviews                    10.0.0.170   <none>        9080/TCP             6m
    
    kubectl get pods
    
    NAME                                        READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
    details-v1-1520924117-48z17                 2/2       Running   0          6m
    productpage-v1-560495357-jk1lz              2/2       Running   0          6m
    ratings-v1-734492171-rnr5l                  2/2       Running   0          6m
    reviews-v1-874083890-f0qf0                  2/2       Running   0          6m
    reviews-v2-1343845940-b34q5                 2/2       Running   0          6m
    reviews-v3-1813607990-8ch52                 2/2       Running   0          6m
    

Step 2: Configure Ingress

Now that the Bookinfo services are running, you must make the application accessible outside of your Kubernetes cluster with an Istio gateway.

Since PKS uses NSX-T, you use load balancers instead of NodePort.

Perform the following steps to configure the ingress:

  1. Define the ingress gateway for the application. Run the following command:

    kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/bookinfo-gateway.yaml
    
  2. Confirm that the gateway has been created. Run the following command:

    kubectl get gateway
    

    In the output, look for bookinfo-gateway. For example:

    NAME               AGE
    bookinfo-gateway   32s
    
  3. Run the following command to determine the NSX-T external load balancer IP and service ports:

    kubectl get svc istio-ingressgateway -n istio-system
    

    The output resembles the following:

    NAME                   TYPE           CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP                PORT(S)                                                                                                                   AGE
    istio-ingressgateway   LoadBalancer   10.100.200.220   100.64.80.23,24.24.24.98   80:31380/TCP,443:31390/TCP,31400:31400/TCP,15011:30230/TCP,8060:30211/TCP,853:32055/TCP,15030:30556/TCP,15031:31751/TCP   1h
    
  4. Run the following commands to set the ingress IP and ports:

    export INGRESS_HOST=$(kubectl -n istio-system get service istio-ingressgateway -o jsonpath='{.status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].ip}')
    export INGRESS_PORT=$(kubectl -n istio-system get service istio-ingressgateway -o jsonpath='{.spec.ports[?(@.name=="http2")].port}')
    export SECURE_INGRESS_PORT=$(kubectl -n istio-system get service istio-ingressgateway -o jsonpath='{.spec.ports[?(@.name=="https")].port}')
    
  5. Run the following command to set the gateway URL:

    export GATEWAY_URL=$INGRESS_HOST:$INGRESS_PORT
    

Step 3: Confirm Application Is Running

To confirm that the Bookinfo application is running, run the following command:

curl -o /dev/null -s -w "%{http_code}\n" http://${GATEWAY_URL}/productpage
200

You can point your browser to http://$GATEWAY_URL/productpage to view the Bookinfo web page.

If you refresh the page several times, you should see different versions of reviews shown in the product page, presented in a round robin style (red stars, black stars, no stars). See the following screenshot for an example:

Bookinfo

Uninstall Istio

Perform the following steps to uninstall Istio:

  1. Delete Istio with the following command:

    kubectl delete -f $HOME/istio.yaml
    
  2. Delete the CRDs with the following command:

    kubectl delete -f install/kubernetes/helm/istio/templates/crds.yaml -n istio-system
    

#VMwarePivotalContainerService(PKS)
#TanzuKubernetesGridIntegrated(TKGI)
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