It's not that the VMDK is lost, more unavailable or inaccessible. So for example you have a cluster with 2 hosts. Someone accidentally modifies the zoning so that LUN-A is no longer presented to Host-1. In this case this would be flagged as PDL and the affected VM or VMs (which are hosted on LUN-A) would be restarted on Host-2 which still has full access to LUN-A.
Or someone accidentally pulls out the cable from the HBA this would result in the loss of accessibility to the storage array from that host and VMs would be restarted on another unaffected host which still has full access to the storage.
It's the same principle as VM restarts with standard HA but standard HA wouldn't pick up these events as the host is still up and working and accessible on the network.