Found this with PowerCLI 13.0.0.20829139:
$vCConnection = Connect-VIServer vCenter
#or
$vCConnection = $global:DefaultVIServer
$vCClient = $VCConnection.GetClient()
$LinkedServerList = $vCClient.ConnectivityService.GetLinkedServers()
#Get All Linked Mode Partners, returns nothing when there is no partner
foreach ($LinkedServer in $LinkedServerList)
{
$LinkedServer[0]
#$LinkedServer[1] contains an ID
}