If the VM is configured to use the latest compatibility, then only Fusion 13.x+ can run it. However, Workstation (and I assume Fusion as well) can create/modify a VM for specific version compatibility - So the answer depends on what version the VM was built to be compatible with.
Also, I forgot to mention - this ONLY applies to x86/x86-64 architecture VMs. If someone is running an Apple Silicon based Mac, then they will never be able to run any VM created by Workstation, or even an Intel-based Mac.